Shingle.



J. G. POX & H. W. SIMMS.

SHINGLE.

A P P L I O A T I 0 N F I L E D M A R 1 B 1 9 1 2.

1,048,517. Patented Dec.31, 1912.

QTBWQLLM. w ATTORNEY TTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB G. FOX AND HENRY W. SIMMS, 0F BAY CITY, MICHIGAN.

SHINGLE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known-that we, JACOB G. Fox and HENRY l/V. SIMMS; both citizens of the United States, residing at Bay City, in the county of Bay and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shingles; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is an improvementin sh ngles and relates more particularly to shingles of the general tapered or wedge-shaped cross-section commonly employed in'wooden shingles, but the improvement relates more particularly to shingles made of a combmation of materials.

The purpose of our invention is to provide a fiat'shingle so constructed that it cannot be easily broken, that is impervious to water and not readily afiected by heat or cold, and that is practically fire-proof.

A further object is to provide a nonporous shingle that will not warp and that will be capable of lying fiat against and adhering to the underlying shingles.

Another object of our invention is to provide a shingle that can be easily and cheaply manufactured and so constructed that its butt or thick end shall be rounded, that is, having the upper and lower edges of the butt curved, as distinguished from the corresponding sharp edges of the ordinary wooden or cement shingle; the object of providing the round butt being to reduce as far as possible the tendency which is always present in the square butted shingle, to draw water by capillary action up between the faces oftwo overlapping shingles, thereby causing the shingles to remain damp and resulting in the generating of moss and other harmful growths.

With these and certain other objects in view which will appear later in the specification, our invention consists in the devices described and claimed and in the equiva-. lents thereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 1s a perspective view of a shingle of our improved construction; Fig. 2 is a view of the interior or composition part of a shingle without reinforcement; Fig. 3 is a similar view of a modified construction, showing the composition part of the shingle reinforced; and Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the outer covering or Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 18, 1912.

Patented Dec. 31, 1912.

Serial No. 684,527.

jacket to be applied to the composition interior of a shingle.

As is clearly shown in the drawings, the shingle consists in a core 1 of any suitable cementitious composition, as for instance cement mixed with other substances, the ingredients of the mixture being non-essential to our present invention, although it will be understood that the cementitious material shall be of such nature as to be not excessively brittle and preferably capable of being shaped by sawing and to permit the driving of nails through it without causing it to split. Such materials being well known in various arts, it is not necessary in the present description to specify the exact ingredients.

The core is preferably of approximately the shape of the finished shingle, that is, if the shingle is to be of the ordinary tapered type, the core is made in the form of a flat sheet thinner at one end than at the other, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The cementitious core may be unreinforced, as shown in Fig. 2, or if desired may be reinforced, as shown in Fig. 3, in which 2 represents a reinforcing sheet of any suitable material, as for instance tarred felt, cloth. wire gauze, or any other suitable flexible reinforcing sheet extending from the butt nearly to the thin edge of the core and embedded therein.

The core is covered on its bottom, its top and its lower end or butt by a covering which we prefer to term a jacket preferably made of tarred felt, or of any other suitable fiexible material, as any one of the well known types of prepared roofing.

In making the shingle we prefer to first cover one side of the jacket with the cementitious material in which the reinforcing sheet 2 may or may not be embedded, as

desired. We then fold over the upper half the upper and lower edges of the thickened end of the shingle are thereby rounded for the purpose which has already been set forth.

After the material of the core has set we prefer to dip the shingle in any suitable water-proofing solution, preferably of the same nature as the solutions with Which the jacket materialhas been treated.

By the means above described We have produced a shingle that Will not Warp or crack, the surface being fiat so'that two overlapping shingles will fit closely together and form practically a continuous structure. This close contact between tWo overlapping shingles tends to prolong the life of the roof by preventing the shingle nails from rusting, for the reason that Water can not come into contact with the nails by seeping between the shingles.

Our improved shingles are inexpensive to manufacture and are capable of being handled in any of the Ways in Which shingles are ordinarily used Without liability of breakage.

JACOB G. POX. HENRY W. SIMMS.

Witnesses CHRISTINE A. BRAIDEL, GEO. W. SMITH. 

